Roofers

Cover roofs of structures with shingles, slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, or related materials. May spray roofs, sidings, and walls with material to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures.

Tasks Include:

Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.
Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.
Cement or nail flashing strips of metal or shingle over joints to make them watertight.
Install, repair, or replace single-ply roofing systems, using waterproof sheet materials such as modified plastics, elastomeric, or other asphaltic compositions.
Cut felt, shingles, or strips of flashing to fit angles formed by walls, vents, or intersecting roof surfaces.
Install vapor barriers or layers of insulation on flat roofs.
Cover exposed nailheads with roofing cement or caulking to prevent water leakage or rust.
Install partially overlapping layers of material over roof insulation surfaces, using chalk lines, gauges on shingling hatchets, or lines on shingles.
Cover roofs or exterior walls of structures with slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, gravel, gypsum, or related materials, using brushes, knives, punches, hammers, or other tools.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™; US Department of Labor (BLS); Virginia Workforce Connection. (Using onet291)

Projections Quick View:

Virginia: +1.6%

National: +5.8%

Education

High School Diploma

Job Zone:

Two: Some Preparation Needed

Income Range:

Highest ($50,000 and up)

Median Earnings:

National

$50,030.00

State

$47,500.00

Regional

Roofers

Description

Career Cluster:

Architecture & Construction

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Education

Required Level of Education

High School Diploma - or the equivalent (for example, GED) = 48.90%
Less than a High School Diploma = 26.14%
Post-Secondary Certificate - awarded for training completed after high school (for example, in agriculture or natural resources, computer services, personal or culinary services, engineering technologies, healthcare, construction trades, mechanic and repair technologies, or precision production) = 10.83%
Some College Courses = 7.53%
First Professional Degree - awarded for completion of a program that: requires at least 2 years of college work before entrance into the program, includes a total of at least 6 academic years of work to complete, and provides all remaining academic requirements to begin practice in a profession. = 2.42%
Doctoral Degree = 2.08%
Post-Doctoral Training = 2.08%

Related Work Experience

None = 38.50%
Over 1 year, up to and including 2 years = 19.72%
Over 10 years = 13.15%
Over 6 months, up to and including 1 year = 10.39%
Over 4 years, up to and including 6 years = 8.18%
Over 2 years, up to and including 4 years = 5.30%
Over 6 years, up to and including 8 years = 3.06%
Up to and including 1 month = 1.70%

On-Site or In-Plant Training

None = 44.62%
Up to and including 1 month = 19.74%
Over 4 years, up to and including 10 years = 14.15%
Over 2 years, up to and including 4 years = 6.64%
Over 1 year, up to and including 2 years = 4.89%
Over 6 months, up to and including 1 year = 2.78%
Over 1 month, up to and including 3 months = 2.39%
Over 3 months, up to and including 6 months = 2.39%
Over 10 years = 2.39%

On-the-Job Training

Over 2 years, up to and including 4 years = 24.52%
Over 4 years, up to and including 10 years = 23.16%
Over 10 years = 17.21%
Anything beyond short demonstration, up to and including 1 month = 11.10%
Over 1 month, up to and including 3 months = 9.31%
None or short demonstration = 7.18%
Over 6 months, up to and including 1 year = 4.76%
Over 3 months, up to and including 6 months = 2.78%

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Tasks

Core Tasks Include:

Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.
Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.
Cement or nail flashing strips of metal or shingle over joints to make them watertight.
Install, repair, or replace single-ply roofing systems, using waterproof sheet materials such as modified plastics, elastomeric, or other asphaltic compositions.
Cut felt, shingles, or strips of flashing to fit angles formed by walls, vents, or intersecting roof surfaces.
Install vapor barriers or layers of insulation on flat roofs.
Cover exposed nailheads with roofing cement or caulking to prevent water leakage or rust.
Install partially overlapping layers of material over roof insulation surfaces, using chalk lines, gauges on shingling hatchets, or lines on shingles.
Cover roofs or exterior walls of structures with slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, gravel, gypsum, or related materials, using brushes, knives, punches, hammers, or other tools.
Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials.
Apply alternate layers of hot asphalt or tar and roofing paper to roofs.
Waterproof or damp-proof walls, floors, roofs, foundations, or basements by painting or spraying surfaces with waterproof coatings or by attaching waterproofing membranes to surfaces.
Mop or pour hot asphalt or tar onto roof bases.
Apply plastic coatings, membranes, fiberglass, or felt over sloped roofs before applying shingles.
Smooth rough spots to prepare surfaces for waterproofing, using hammers, chisels, or rubbing bricks.
Glaze top layers to make a smooth finish or embed gravel in the bitumen for rough surfaces.
Apply gravel or pebbles over top layers of roofs, using rakes or stiff-bristled brooms.
Apply reflective roof coatings, such as special paints or single-ply roofing sheets, to existing roofs to reduce solar heat absorption.
Install attic ventilation systems, such as turbine vents, gable or ridge vents, or conventional or solar-powered exhaust fans.
Install skylights on roofs to increase natural light inside structures or to reduce energy costs.
Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs.
Attach roofing paper to roofs in overlapping strips to form bases for other materials.

Supplemental Tasks Include:

Spray roofs, sidings, or walls to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures, using spray guns, air compressors, or heaters.
Punch holes in slate, tile, terra cotta, or wooden shingles, using punches and hammers.
Apply modular soil- and plant-containing grids over existing roof membranes to create green roofs.
Attach solar panels to existing roofs, according to specifications and without damaging roofing materials or the structural integrity of buildings.
Install layers of vegetation-based green roofs, including protective membranes, drainage, aeration, water retention and filter layers, soil substrates, irrigation materials, and plants.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Tools and Technology

Tools Include:

Angle brackets (Adjustable roof brackets)
Air compressors
Utility knives (Angle knives)
Axes
Workshop presses (Bench-mount hand brakes)
Bituminous material distributors (Bitumen applicators)
Hatchets (Carpenters' hatchets)
Caulking guns
Chalk lines (Chalk line markers)
Ladders (Chicken ladders)
Power saws (Circular saws)
Hammers (Claw hammers)
Workshop presses (Cleat benders)
Shears (Clipping shears)
Tinners snips (Compound snips)
Punching pliers (Core cutters)
Blow torches (Corner roofing seamers)
Desktop computers
Kettle exchangers (Double-burner pump kettles)
Blow torches (Double-lock seamers)
Pipe bending tools (Downspout crimpers)
Utility knives (Draw knives)
Liquid leak detectors (Electronic leak detectors)
Safety harnesses or belts (Fall arrest systems)
Angle brackets (Fixed-roof brackets)
Shears (Foot squaring shears)
Power saws (Gas-powered chop saws)
Chip Spreaders (Gravelers)
Cold chisels (Grooving tools)
Staple guns (Hammer tackers)
Hammers
Lug crimping tool dies (Hand crimpers)
Punches or nail sets or drifts (Hand punches)
Sheet metal pliers (Hand roofing double seamers)
Welders (Heat welders)
Blow torches (Heating torches)
Blocks or pulleys (Hoisting wheels)
Air dryers (Hot air blowers)
Welders (Hot air welding machines)
Chip Spreaders (Hot or cold process power gravelers)
Hoists (Hydraulic swing beam hoists)
Heat tracing equipment (Infrared thermometers)
Safety shoes (Korker cleats)
Scaffolding stabilizers (Ladder braces)
Scaffolding (Ladder jacks)
Scaffolding stabilizers (Ladder levelers)
Scaffolding stabilizers (Ladder standoffs)
Ladders
Laser printers
Blocks or pulleys (Long ladder hoisting wheels)
Tape measures (Measuring tapes)
Measuring wheels for distance (Measuring wheels)
Shears (Membrane slitters)
Hatchets (Metric roofing hatchets)
Hammers (Nail hammers)
Pullers (Nail pullers)
Pullers (Nail strippers)
Notebook computers
Personal computers
Personal digital assistant PDAs or organizers (Personal digital assistants PDA)
Hammers (Plastic hammers)
Pneumatic nail drivers (Pneumatic air nailers)
Trowels (Pointing trowels)
Rivet tools (Pop rivet guns)
Power drills
Hoists (Power hoists)
Cutting machines (Power roof cutters)
Roof rippers (Power roof rippers)
Blow torches (Propane torches)
Pry bars
Putty knives
Power saws (Reciprocating saws)
Hatchets (Riggers' axes)
Hammers (Rip hammers)
Magnetic tools (Rolling magnetic sweepers)
Air dryers (Roof dryers)
Safety hooks (Roof hooks)
Protractors (Roof pitch finders)
Power nail guns (Roofing coil nailers)
Handrails (Roofing guardrails)
Utility knives (Roofing knives)
Chalk lines (Roofing layout tapes)
Blow torches (Roofing seamers)
Safety shoes (Roofing shoes)
Roof rippers (Roofing spades)
Roof rippers (Roofing tearoff forks)
Swaging tools (Rotary machines)
Trowels (Round-point trowels)
Safety harnesses or belts (Safety belts)
Fall protection lanyard (Safety lanyards)
Scaffolding
Pullers (Scraper/pullers)
Welders (Seam finishing machines)
Cold chisels (Seaming chisels)
Hammers (Seaming hammers)
Sheet metal pliers (Seaming pliers)
Welders (Semiautomatic welding machines)
Roof rippers (Shake tear-off tools)
Shears
Tongs (Sheet metal hand tongs)
Hoists (Shingle ladder hoists)
Roof rippers (Shingle rippers)
Power saws (Shingle saws)
Shovels (Shingle shovels)
Blocks or pulleys (Short ladder hoisting wheels)
Kettle exchangers (Single burner draw kettles)
Kettle exchangers (Single burner pump kettles)
Blow torches (Single seamers)
Soldering irons or guns (Single seaming irons)
Shears (Slate cutters)
Hammers (Slate hammers)
Roof rippers (Slate rippers)
Anvils (Slaters' anvils)
Tinners snips (Snips)
Soldering irons or guns (Soldering irons)
Pry bars (Spud bars)
Pry bars (Spud/scraper bars)
Hatchets (Standard roofing hatchets)
Tinners snips (Straight snips)
Roofing mops (Tar mops)
Roof rippers (Tear-off bars)
Roof rippers (Tear-off shovels)
Tinners snips (Tin snips)
Sheet metal pliers (Tinsmith pliers)
Blow torches (Torches)
Scales (Triangular scales)
Hoists (Trolley track hoists)
Trowels
Sheet metal pliers (Two-handed edgers)
Utility knives
Welding masks (Welding hoods)
Wood chisels
Hatchets (Wood shingling hatchets)
Pry bars (Wrecking bars)

Technologies Include:

Analytical or scientific software

Energy cost evaluation software
Humidity and vapor drive calculation software
Roof Calculator software
Top View software

Computer aided design CAD software

AppliCad software
ASR Software LWC-Plus
ASR Software Taper-Plus
ASR Software TopView LE
ASR Software TopView ME
DigiTools Roof CAD
Ziatek RoofDraw

Data base user interface and query software

CADAFIS Roofing software
Insight Direct ServiceCEO
Roof Pro Estimate Software Roof Pro
RoofLogic software
Wintac Pro Software

Project management software

Maintenance record software

Spreadsheet software

Spreadsheet software

Word processing software

Word processing software

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Additional Resources

For information about the work of roofers, contact:

National Roofing Contractors Association
10255 W. Higgins Rd.
Rosemont, IL 60018-5607
http://www.nrca.net

United Union of Roofers, Waterproofers, and Allied Workers
1660 L St. NW.
Suite 800
Washington, DC 20036

The data sources for the information displayed here include: Virginia Career VIEW Research. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Knowledge

%	Subject	Description
89.50	Building and Construction	Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
63.00	Customer and Personal Service	Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
59.25	English Language	Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
58.00	Public Safety and Security	Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
55.50	Education and Training	Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
55.25	Mathematics	Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
54.75	Design	Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
52.00	Mechanical	Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
50.25	Administration and Management	Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Skills

%	Subject	Description
65.50	Coordination	Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
53.00	Active Listening	Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
53.00	Critical Thinking	Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
50.00	Speaking	Talking to others to convey information effectively.
50.00	Operation and Control	Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
50.00	Monitoring	Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
50.00	Operations Monitoring	Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
50.00	Time Management	Managing one's own time and the time of others.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Abilities

%	Subject	Description
75.00	Gross Body Equilibrium	The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
68.75	Problem Sensitivity	The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
68.75	Extent Flexibility	The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
68.75	Trunk Strength	The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
65.50	Near Vision	The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
62.50	Manual Dexterity	The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
62.50	Multilimb Coordination	The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
62.50	Arm-Hand Steadiness	The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
59.50	Oral Comprehension	The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
59.50	Gross Body Coordination	The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
56.25	Stamina	The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
53.00	Finger Dexterity	The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
53.00	Far Vision	The ability to see details at a distance.
53.00	Control Precision	The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
53.00	Static Strength	The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
50.00	Oral Expression	The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
50.00	Speech Recognition	The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
50.00	Deductive Reasoning	The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
50.00	Inductive Reasoning	The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
50.00	Information Ordering	The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
50.00	Visualization	The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
50.00	Selective Attention	The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Work Activities

%	Subject	Description
82.50	Performing General Physical Activities	Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
80.50	Handling and Moving Objects	Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
77.00	Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials	Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
76.50	Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings	Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
75.00	Getting Information	Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
74.75	Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events	Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
71.25	Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates	Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
66.50	Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information	Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
65.50	Coaching and Developing Others	Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
65.25	Making Decisions and Solving Problems	Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
65.25	Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment	Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
63.50	Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge	Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
62.25	Training and Teaching Others	Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
62.00	Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others	Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
61.50	Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work	Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
61.25	Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others	Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
60.50	Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates	Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
60.00	Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards	Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
59.75	Controlling Machines and Processes	Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
59.75	Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment	Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
58.00	Developing and Building Teams	Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
57.75	Thinking Creatively	Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
56.25	Communicating with People Outside the Organization	Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
55.75	Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others	Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
54.00	Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People	Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
53.00	Scheduling Work and Activities	Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
53.00	Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships	Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
50.75	Processing Information	Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
50.50	Selling or Influencing Others	Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
49.75	Monitoring and Controlling Resources	Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Work Styles

%	Subject	Description
93.00	Dependability	Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
91.50	Attention to Detail	Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
78.50	Self-Control	Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
78.00	Integrity	Job requires being honest and ethical.
77.75	Concern for Others	Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
76.25	Cooperation	Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
71.25	Adaptability/Flexibility	Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
71.00	Initiative	Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
69.25	Innovation	Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
68.75	Persistence	Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
68.00	Leadership	Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
68.00	Independence	Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
67.75	Achievement/Effort	Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
67.75	Analytical Thinking	Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
64.25	Stress Tolerance	Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high-stress situations.
52.75	Social Orientation	Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Work Values

%	Subject	Description
55.50	Support	Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Work Context

%	Subject	Description
99.60	Outdoors, Exposed to Weather	How often does this job require working outdoors, exposed to all weather conditions?
98.00	Exposed to High Places	How often does this job require exposure to high places?
92.80	Face-to-Face Discussions	How often do you have to have face-to-face discussions with individuals or teams in this job?
91.40	Telephone	How often do you have telephone conversations in this job?
90.00	Contact With Others	How much does this job require the worker to be in contact with others (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) in order to perform it?
89.20	Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets	How much does this job require wearing common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hard hats or life jackets?
86.20	Exposed to Contaminants	How often does this job require working exposed to contaminants (such as pollutants, gases, dust or odors)?
85.60	Importance of Being Exact or Accurate	How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job?
84.60	Responsible for Others' Health and Safety	How much responsibility is there for the health and safety of others in this job?
83.80	Very Hot or Cold Temperatures	How often does this job require working in very hot (above 90 F degrees) or very cold (below 32 F degrees) temperatures?
83.60	Time Pressure	How often does this job require the worker to meet strict deadlines?
83.20	Work With Work Group or Team	How important is it to work with others in a group or team in this job?
82.20	Sounds, Noise Levels Are Distracting or Uncomfortable	How often does this job require working exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting or uncomfortable?
81.80	Physical Proximity	To what extent does this job require the worker to perform job tasks in close physical proximity to other people?
81.80	Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls	How much does this job require using your hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls?
79.20	Structured versus Unstructured Work	To what extent is this job structured for the worker, rather than allowing the worker to determine tasks, priorities, and goals?
79.00	Level of Competition	To what extent does this job require the worker to compete or to be aware of competitive pressures?
77.60	Frequency of Decision Making	How frequently is the worker required to make decisions that affect other people, the financial resources, and/or the image and reputation of the organization?
77.40	Spend Time Standing	How much does this job require standing?
76.60	Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled	How often does this job require working indoors in non-controlled environmental conditions (e.g., warehouse without heat)?
76.40	Exposed to Hazardous Conditions	How often does this job require exposure to hazardous conditions?
76.20	Exposed to Hazardous Equipment	How often does this job require exposure to hazardous equipment?
75.80	Freedom to Make Decisions	How much decision making freedom, without supervision, does the job offer?
75.60	Coordinate or Lead Others	How important is it to coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities in this job?
75.20	Spend Time Bending or Twisting the Body	How much does this job require bending or twisting your body?
74.40	Responsibility for Outcomes and Results	How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers?
74.20	Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings	How often does this job require exposure to minor burns, cuts, bites, or stings?
74.00	Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results	What results do your decisions usually have on other people or the image or reputation or financial resources of your employer?
73.40	Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions	How much does this job require making repetitive motions?
73.00	Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling	How much does this job require kneeling, crouching, stooping or crawling?
70.20	Spend Time Walking and Running	How much does this job require walking and running?
67.40	Deal With External Customers	How important is it to work with external customers or the public in this job?
67.40	Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting	How often does this job require working in extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions?
66.00	Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles	How much does this job require climbing ladders, scaffolds, or poles?
64.80	Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection	How much does this job require wearing specialized protective or safety equipment such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suits, or radiation protection?
62.20	Consequence of Error	How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable?
61.00	Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions	How often does this job require working in cramped work spaces that requires getting into awkward positions?
59.40	Frequency of Conflict Situations	How often are there conflict situations the employee has to face in this job?
59.40	In an Enclosed Vehicle or Equipment	How often does this job require working in a closed vehicle or equipment (e.g., car)?
58.40	Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People	How frequently does the worker have to deal with unpleasant, angry, or discourteous individuals as part of the job requirements?
57.20	Importance of Repeating Same Tasks	How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job?
55.00	Letters and Memos	How often does the job require written letters and memos?
51.80	Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment	How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.)

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Job Zone Two: Some Preparation Needed

Overall Experience
- Some previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is usually needed. For example, a teller would benefit from experience working directly with the public.
Job Training
- Employees in these occupations need anywhere from a few months to one year of working with experienced employees. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with these occupations.
Examples
- These occupations often involve using your knowledge and skills to help others. Examples include orderlies, counter and rental clerks, customer service representatives, security guards, upholsterers, tellers, and dental laboratory technicians.
Education
- These occupations usually require a high school diploma.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Earnings Benefits*

Region	Entry Level	Median	Experienced
United States	$36,240.00	$50,030.00	$62,330.00
Virginia	$32,680.00	$47,500.00	$59,750.00

Region	Entry Level	Median	Experienced
Alexandria/Arlington	No Data	No Data	No Data
Bay Consortium	No Data	No Data	No Data
Capital Region Workforce Partnership	$37,180.00	$47,410.00	$55,630.00
Central VA/Region2000	$26,160.00	$38,620.00	$44,970.00
Crater Area	No Data	No Data	No Data
Greater Peninsula	No Data	No Data	No Data
Hampton Roads	$34,920.00	$48,400.00	$53,040.00
New River/Mt. Rogers	$29,480.00	$37,290.00	$41,060.00
Northern Virginia	$40,450.00	$58,380.00	$62,070.00
Piedmont Workforce	$37,270.00	$49,030.00	$56,190.00
Shenandoah Valley	$34,490.00	$46,800.00	$51,620.00
South Central	$34,120.00	$44,350.00	$50,330.00
Southwestern Virginia	No Data	No Data	No Data
West Piedmont	No Data	No Data	No Data
Western Virginia	$34,640.00	$45,450.00	$49,110.00

* Earnings Calculations:

Regional Earnings:
   Entry = Annual mean of the lower 1/3 wage distribution;
   Experienced = Annual mean of the upper 2/3 wage distribution.

National and State Earnings:
   Entry = Annual 10th percentile wage;
   Experienced = Annual 75th percentile wage.

The data sources for the information displayed here include: US Department of Labor (BLS); Virginia Workforce Connection. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Employment Projections

USA: 2023-2033

Virginia: 2022-2032

Regions: 2020-2030

	Current	Projected	% Change
United States	168,100	177,900	+5.8%
Virginia	2,804	2,850	+1.6%

Region	Current*	Projected	% Change
Alexandria/Arlington	No Data	No Data	No Data
Bay Consortium	No Data	No Data	No Data
Capital Region Workforce Partnership	493	558	+13.2%
Central VA/Region2000	130	137	+5.4%
Crater Area	No Data	No Data	No Data
Greater Peninsula	155	169	+9.0%
Hampton Roads	391	424	+8.4%
New River/Mt. Rogers	No Data	No Data	No Data
Northern Virginia	1,685	1,945	+15.4%
Piedmont Workforce	108	120	+11.1%
Shenandoah Valley	262	287	+9.5%
South Central	No Data	No Data	No Data
Southwestern Virginia	No Data	No Data	No Data
West Piedmont	No Data	No Data	No Data
Western Virginia	179	187	+4.5%

* - Estimated

The data sources for the information displayed here include: US Department of Labor (BLS); Virginia Workforce Connection. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Related Occupations

The related occupations here have similar general capabilities and interests; career explorers may also be interested in the related occupations:

Careers in Construction Pathway:

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

View Videos

CareerOneStop Video

View Video & Transcript on CareerOneStop

CareerOneStop Architecture & Construction Videos
Overview
Occupations

The data sources for the information displayed here include: New York State Department of Labor; New Jersey Department of Labor; California Occupational Information Coordinating Committee; CareerOneStop. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Proficiency Ratings

These proficiencies are scored on a scale from 1 to 5 with 1 being not
important to the job and 5 being extremely important to the job.

Proficiency	Rating
Performing General Physical Activities	4.5
Handling and Moving Objects	4.0
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials	4.0
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings	4.0
Getting Information	4.0
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events	4.0
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates	4.0
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information	3.5
Coaching and Developing Others	3.5
Making Decisions and Solving Problems	3.5
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment	3.5
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge	3.5
Training and Teaching Others	3.5
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others	3.5
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work	3.5
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others	3.5
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates	3.5
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards	3.5
Controlling Machines and Processes	3.5
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment	3.5
Developing and Building Teams	3.5
Thinking Creatively	3.5
Communicating with People Outside the Organization	3.5
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others	3.0
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People	3.0
Scheduling Work and Activities	3.0
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships	3.0
Processing Information	3.0
Selling or Influencing Others	3.0
Monitoring and Controlling Resources	3.0
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public	3.0
Developing Objectives and Strategies	3.0
Documenting/Recording Information	3.0
Assisting and Caring for Others	2.5
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment	2.5
Performing Administrative Activities	2.5
Analyzing Data or Information	2.5
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others	2.5
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment	2.5
Staffing Organizational Units	2.5
Working with Computers	2.0

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Titles

Aluminum Shingle Roofer
Applicator
Asbestos Shingle Roofer
Composition Roofer
Cool Roofing Installer
Gravel Roofer
Gypsum Roofer
Hot Tar Roofer
Industrial Roofer
Laborer
Metal Roofer
Metal Roofing Mechanic
Metal Worker
Residential Roofer
Roof Mechanic
Roof Service Technician
Roofer
Roofer Applicator
Roofer Apprentice
Roofing Applicator
Roofing Layer
Roofing Technician
Sheet Metal Roofer
Shingles Roofer
Slate Roofer
Slater
Slater Apprentice
Tar Roofer
Terra Cotta Roofer
Tile Layer Roof
Tile Roofer
Tin Roofer
Wood Shingle Roofer

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)

Roofers

Related Schools

Centralia College
Clover Park Technical College
Hillsborough Community College

The data sources for the information displayed here include: O*NET™. (Using onet291)